In short but brief let us try to understand the absolute reality with an analysed time tested formulated method. Books like mind's eye, charvaka management, Analysis of Inapt Education and waves are there to give further input.
The study of the material world and cosmic phenomena contains several layers. Though matter donot have own independent existence one must know how to deal with it. Why? Infinity is all prevalent, omnipresent so nothing is without it. That's why the study of transactional world was needed to understand the wiring of infinity.
Let us try to see this from an Indian perspective.
There are 9 classical schools of Indian philosophy which are actually darshan but for convenience the word 'philosophy' is used. From charvaka to vedanta - a chronological order where none forces one to accept conclusion on the basis of faith. They are all useful, that's why still alive in and outside the body.
Q 1 - Can religion explain cognition, mind and things like that? State the reason for your answer.
Ans 1 - Religion based on rituals, customs, culture, topography will give numerous interpretations so their view can't be a proof in the long run and that also for others belonging to other traditions or simply following the view 'do as you like'.
Q 2- What about philosophy?
Ans 2 - The word 'philosophy' is normally used to describe a personal view which is promoted in an era due to various reasons. Normally it stays at an argumentative level. One formula is the trio of study, reasoning and experience. A fanatic follower of one or two will go on digging. Due to this it is famous that keep 10 philosophers in a room and you will get eleventh philosophy.
Q 3 - How do you see the status of both - religion and philosophy from a common angle?
Ans 3 - Every theory coming from human intellect will be fragile. Dogmatic attitude will govern both them. The case of religion is severe where you're not allowed to question the doctrines.
Q 4 - Then how Indian philosophy take us on the right path?
Ans 4 - The Indian philosophy isn't rigid and never forces own conclusions on others. There is a chronological order of saying and seeing the world in and outside the body. And that is time tested.
Q 5 - Where can one find the primary source of Indian philosophy?
Ans 5 - The Vedic literature contains the sutras or principles directly or in a codified way. In short one can go through the authentic upanishads for that.
Q 6 - What do you mean by veda?
Ans 6 - The root 'vid' means to know or get the required information which is 'knowing'. It becomes knowledge after analytical experience (conclusion of the experiment)
or in many cases direct knowledge where experiment isn't needed. That information or knowledge or both is known as veda.
Q 7 - Why are few topics taken or taught as non vaidik?
Ans 7 - Personal like - dislike of sponsors including sampradayas, rulers, rich class dictated their terms and conditions. Tendency of controlling the resources is a human nature and joint effort is needed to play the game of topics so that brainwashing can take place easily.
Q 8 - Why are they known as apaurusheya? Give an example.
Ans 8 - The part which was received via deep meditation is known as apaurusheya or not written with normal intellect. For hunger solid or semi solid food is needed, a thirsty creature needs liquid, various prayers, etc.
Q 9 - What is paurushey? Give an example.
Ans 9 - The literature written via normal intellect. It can be of the person concerned or sponsor or both. Taking betel nut as it is will be apaurushey and worshipping as ganesh is paurushey. Taking a flower as it is or describing it on the basis of one's own level is apaurushey and paurushey respectively.
Q 10 - In which domain modern subjects can be kept and why?
Ans 10 - All of them will be paurushey because every theory coming from the human intellect is fragile. They have the possibility of rejection or change due to the development in the field of science.
Q 11- How does charvaka school handles or help in this?
Ans 11 - A body is the medium needed to understand. In the order to reject the body, a body is essential. The path of understanding emerges from a balanced approach towards behavior and spiritualism or understanding consciousness. And charvaka is the first step of this path.
Q 12 - Do you want to say that mathematical formulation idea is supported by Indian philosophy to understand mind, behavior, etc?
Ans 13 - Yes. Terminology may differ but the thing is the same. A well established method is there.
Q 13 - Does cognition of physical world with the mental or / and intellectual world had been studied in that?
Ans 13 - yes. But it is in codified form. And rishis of Vedic age gave the formulas to decode and judge them.
Q 14 - But Indian philosophy also defines consciousness in ways. What about that?
Ans 14 - Nothing contradictory or confusing or tendency of defeating eachother but teaching according to the grasping power. It isn't a case of show business where one popularises one's own brand at any cost.
Q 15 - What about duality, non duality etc?
Ans 15 - These are body related concepts. Nothing to do with absolute reality or consciousness or ultimate truth.
Q 16 - What's harm in calling everything an illusion?
Ans 16 - People consuming uncontrolled narcotics, alcohol also thinks like that in many cases. In extreme mental cases this feeling arises if not checked properly. This is related with one's own existence and it makes the total difference.
